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Текст реферата Evolution of Christianity
Evolution of Christianity In about 2000 B.C., many
displaced tribes were wandering through Middle East throughout the
Middle East because of the political upheavals that accompanied the
collapse of Akkadian kingdom and coming of the Babylonians. These
patriarchal tribes, under guidance of the oldest and most respected
male members, founded communities united by bloodlines, economic
interests, and folk traditions. One of these tribes known as Hebrews,
led by Abraham settled in the territory called Canaan, a region
identified loosely with ancient Israel. These tribes believed that
Abraham was guided by supernatural force, and this supernatural force
made a covenant, or solemn agreement with Abraham to protect his
family and bring prosperity to his offspring if they agreed to obey
his divine commands. These Hebrews enjoyed many prosperous decades in
Canaan, and in 1500 B.C. moved to Egypt at time when it was overrun by
Hyksos until Egypt reconquered their land and enslaved them. In about
1250 B.C. a leader, Moses led Hebrews to Exodus from Egypt. These
events were recorded on Hebrew scriptures, and it described Moses as a
savoir sent by God. Their religion valued human life as sacred,
because it was given by God, who created and owned all things. The
core of Mosaic law was the Ten Commandments, which set forth the
proper behavior of human beings. Hebrews were called Jew later, and
they started to incorporate two new features into their religion which
are eschatology, or the concern with the end of the world, and
apocalypse or prophecies about the coming of God and a day of
judgment. This future world would be led by a Messiah, or Anointed
One, who would bring peace and justice to all. Christianity takes its
roots from Judaism, and it gained much of its power from tremendous
moral force of its central beliefs and values. The surviving sources
for the origin of Christianity are writing in Greek by early believers
who were openly partisan. According to them, Christianity began within
the Jewish believers of Jesus. The outline of Jesus’ life is described
in books called Gospels. The writers of these Gospels were Matthew,
Mark, Luke and John, and only two these evangelists who are Matthew
and John, were witnesses of Jesus life on earth. There was a belief at
that time that in order to become Christian you first had to become a
Jew. This view of course was changed by Paul, a Jew converted to
Christianity after Jesus’ death. He welcomed led a group who welcomed
gentile, or non-Jewish members. Mark’s Gospel was written in part to
support Paul’s gentile faction. Paul was a citizen of Rome, and
therefore he was able to preach freely Greek-speaking Jew, and Jewish
converts scattered across the Roman Empire. Paul addressed theological
concerns in epistles, or letters which he directed to churches he
either founded or visited across Roman Empire. Paul interpreted Jesus’
life as “Suffering Servant” who was noble and guiltless but
misunderstood and
